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Sgt. Frog, known in Japan as Keroro Gunso (ケロロ軍曹Keroro Gunsō, lit. 'Sergeant Keroro'), is a manga series by Mine Yoshizaki. It was later adapted into an anime television series directed by Junichi Sato. Both the anime and manga are comedies that follow the attempts of a platoon of frog-like alien invaders to conquer Earth. Sergeant Keroro, the titular character, is the leader of the platoon, but is at the mercy of a human family of three after he is captured while trying to hide in one of the family member's bedrooms. In both the manga and anime, Keroro is forced to do meaningless chores and errands for the family after his army abandons his platoon on Earth. The platoon has many failed attempts at taking over Earth.

The series takes its comedy from a combination of wordplay (particularly puns and homophones), physical humor, situational irony, breaking of the fourth wall, and numerous pop culture references (especially to Gundam, Kamen Rider, Super Sentai, Space Battleship Yamato, Dragon Ball, Neon Genesis Evangelion and many others, although when broadcast and published in the United States, they make references that American audiences would be familiar with like Ghostbusters and Men in Black).^[3] Various anime, games, manga, and other aspects of pop culture are parodied/referenced throughout the series as a bonus to older viewers. Both the manga and the anime are laden with pop-culture references, and even in the same story the references often vary wildly. The anime does not explicitly refer to Evangelion or other animations to which Bandai does not hold the copyrights, but only recreates the 'feel' of famous scenes from these anime. The anime is much more detailed and direct in its Gundam references, however, since its animation studio, Sunrise, is a subsidiary of Bandai who does hold the rights to the Gundam franchise.

• 2Media
• 3International versions

Plot[edit]

The main plot of the story focuses on the steadily deteriorating conditions of the Keroro Platoon, a group of five, frog-like aliens from Planet Keron of the Gamma Planetary System. The platoon’s mission is to invade and conquer Earth (known to the aliens as “Pekopon”), but fail miserably at each attempt. Sergeant Keroro (or Keroro Gunso) although being the leader of the platoon, is childish, incompetent, and would rather spend his time indulging in his hobby of making plastic Gundam models than take over Earth. Aside from Keroro, there are four other members of the Keroro Platoon: adorable but violent Private Second Class Tamama; bellicose yet tenderhearted Corporal Giroro; intelligent but mischievous Sergeant Major Kururu; and disciplined but traumatized Lance Corporal Dororo.

The largest obstacle in the way of their mission is the Hinata Family, who must take care of the Keroro Platoon due to the Keron Army deserting the latter on Earth. Keroro is kept busy with manual labor and constant abuse, primarily from the family daughter, Natsumi. Each member of the platoon finds himself in the care of a human: Giroro's human is Natsumi Hinata, whom he falls in love with; Keroro's human is Fuyuki Hinata, who considers the Sergeant his only true friend; Kululu's human is Mutsumi Saburo, who discovered him; Dororo's human is Koyuki, a fellow ninja; and Tamama's human is his equal in bipolar insanity, Momoka Nishizawa. All are tied to the Hinatas in some way throughout the events in the anime and manga.

Media[edit]

Manga[edit]

Sgt. Frog is published in Japan by Kadokawa Shoten, serialized in the magazine Shōnen Ace, and was published in English by Tokyopop. The manga began its monthly run in the weekly shōnen magazine, Shōnen Ace. The manga, first aimed at the older audience (teens/adults) from the first to the seventh volume, was toned down after the anime adaption started (since the TV series was a family show). However, the manga still maintains suggestive comedy that only the more mature audiences understand in present volumes. Tokyopop initially held the American rights to the Sgt. Frog manga until 2011 when the company ceased operations. By the time their publication ended, they had published 21 volumes. Their release of the manga have censored nipples drawn in some scenes, in order to get away from the OT (Older teen) rating and maintaining its Teen rating.^{[citation needed]}Viz Media relicensed the manga for digital release on December 16, 2014.^[4]

To commemorate the 20th anniversary of the series, the November issue of Shōnen Ace announced the launching of a new manga titled Chō Keroro Gunsō UC: Keroro Robo Daikessen (Super Sgt. Frog Ultra Cool: Keroro Robo's Epic Climactic Battle) on the next issue, on sale October 26, 2018. The manga is created by Yūtarō Shido, while Mine Yoshikizaki being credited as original author.^[5]

Anime[edit]

The anime series started airing on TV Tokyo in 2004 and ended in 2011. The anime is produced by Sunrise, and has been aired on Animax, TV Tokyo, and TXN. Seven seasons have been created during its seven-year run. Unlike the manga which is aimed at older audiences, the anime adaptation has been toned down to a level suitable for family audiences. ADV had previously announced they had acquired exclusive rights to an English dub of Sgt. Frog^[6] (for $408,000^[7]). However, on July 4, 2008, it was announced that rights to the English release were transferred to Funimation Entertainment.^[8]

The anime ran almost year-round, which each season beginning in the first week of April and ending on the last week of March. The first season aired on Saturdays, but the show was moved to Fridays for the second and third seasons. The show returned to Saturdays for seasons four, five and six, and the final season aired on Sundays.

ADV Films had originally added a brief teaser page to their website, announcing their licensing of the anime. The site turned to static before playing a short clip of Keroro dancing to 'Afro Gunso,' then leaving the message 'hacked by the frog.'^[9] This was followed by a press release from ADV on November 20, 2006, stating that they had licensed all Sgt. Frog properties (except the manga, which was already licensed by Tokyopop) for the US.^[6] It was once confirmed that the anime dub would be released on DVD in the United States in February 2007. However, ADV Films had never confirmed a release date.^[10] ADV announced at Comic-Con International 2007 that the US release date had been delayed because of TV negotiations but would not comment on which networks they were talking to. In a DVD included with the December issue of Newtype USA was an English-language trailer for Sgt. Frog released by ADV, with voices for Keroro (said to be voiced by Vic Mignogna^[11]), Natsumi, Fuyuki, Aki, and the narrator. ADV was 90% done on getting a deal with the show, though they created a separate team to work specifically on it that included people from Summit Entertainment (the company that worked with 4Kids Entertainment during the time they had Pokémon). They had dubbed three episodes, but they were dubbed three times because ADV created three different pilot-packages for television to see which one worked the best. They made an otaku/fan pilot, a mass-market pilot, and a kids' pilot. They received positive responses from three different networks. Cartoon Network liked the mass-market pilot, while Nickelodeon liked the kids' pilot. Nickelodeon told them that they would air the show if ADV got the merchandising rights. However, as of July 4, 2008, the English license for the first 51 episodes of the Sgt. Frog anime was transferred to Funimation Entertainment through a deal with Sojitz.^[8]

Funimation released a dubbed version of episode 12B as a test on YouTube to be reviewed by the viewers.^[12] Many instances of regional name changes were observed; Natsumi is renamed Natalie, and Giroro's cat was renamed 'Mr. Furbottom,' (despite being female). Additionally, the word Pekopon was changed to Planet Wuss, Pekoponians were referred to as Wussians, and Keron changed to Frogulon. The frogs' names remained the same as the Japanese version, though shortened by one syllable (e.g. Keroro changed to Kero, Tamama to Tama).^[13] The test episode had mixed reviews by fans involving the voice acting, jokes, and name changes.

At Otakon 2009, the first five episodes of Sgt. Frog were screened, where the original versions of the various names that were changed were used. The voice actor for Sergeant Keroro in the test video, Chris Cason, was swapped out for Sergeant Major Kululu's test actor, Todd Haberkorn. Kululu was changed to Chuck Huber, and the narrator also appears to have been changed. FUNimation stated at their panel that they were going to keep the anime as similar as possible to its Japanese counterpart, and claimed to only change references from Japanese pop culture (save for those Americans were already familiar with) to references from American pop culture. Those present at the showing seemed to enjoy the changes, and the reception of the official dub was very positive. On February 19, 2011, Funimation announced at Katsucon that they had licensed more episodes of Sgt. Frog.^[14]

According to Funimation, as of February 2013, Sgt. Frog is 'now on hiatus'.^[15]

On July 31, 2009, Funimation added the first 4 dubbed episodes of the series to their online video portal. After a considerable delay following between the release of the first dubbed episodes, Funimation began making dubbed episodes other than the first 4 available on the portal. Currently, the first 51 subtitled episodes are available on the Funimation video portal and Hulu. The 51 dubbed episodes later expired, although they were all later placed back on the portal and on Hulu.^[16] The show is rated TV-PG on the DVDs and on Hulu. Unlike the other versions released outside Japan, the US version remains uncut.

The episode distribution scheme has been slightly changed from the Japanese Region 2 release. Although the first 51 episodes are known as 'Season 1' in Japan,^[17] Funimation has divided the episodes into a 'Season 1' and a 'Season 2'. The Season 1 Part 1 DVD set was released September 22, 2009. It contains episodes 1 through 13,^[18] Season 1 Part 2 was released on November 24, 2009, and contains episodes 14 through 26.^[19] Season 2 Part 1 was released on January 26, 2010, containing episodes 27-39.^[20] In addition, Season 2 Part 2 was released on March 30, 2010 containing episodes 40-51.^[21] The first two boxsets were re-released into one Season 1 set on March 29, 2011.^[22] The complete Season 2 set followed up on April 26, 2011.^[23] Season 3 Part 1 was released to DVD by Funimation beginning on July 26, 2011, containing episodes 52-65.^[24] Season 3 Part 2 was released to DVD on August 16, 2011 containing episodes 66-78.^[25] A complete Season 3 boxset containing episodes 52-78 was released on November 13, 2012.^[26] On all of the box sets, it states, 'from the creators of the Gundam series'. This is relatively incorrect because Sunrise did not create the Gundam series, they produced it, so it should say 'from the studio that brought you Gundam'. The creator of Gundam is Yoshiyuki Tomino.

All three seasons were available on Netflix streaming as of December 2011; however, the first two seasons, and the first half of the third, were removed without warning in January 2013,^[27] before the series was completely removed in April of the same year.

On January 7, 2014 it was announced that a new Flash anime television series entitled 'Keroro' would premiere on Animax on March 22 of that year.^[28] Haruki Kasugamori is the director of the series at Sunrise and the animation studio Gathering is providing assistance with the animation. The series airs during the programming block, Keroro Hour, which airs both the series and reruns of Sgt. Frog. The series features new character designs and includes the characters, New Keroro, Tomosu Hinohara, and Myō Kaneami, all of which were originally manga-only characters. The opening to the series is 'Keroro☆Popstar' (ケロロ☆ポップスター), performed by Mayumi Gojo. The flash anime ended on September 6 of the same year, with a total of 23 episodes.

Films[edit]

Five full-length theatrical movies that were directed by Junichi Sato and produced by Sunrise were released:

• Super Movie Keroro Gunsou (超劇場版ケロロ軍曹Chō Gekijō-ban Keroro Gunsō) (2006)
• Chō Gekijōban Keroro Gunsō 2: Shinkai no Princess de Arimasu! (超劇場版ケロロ軍曹2 深海のプリンセスであります!Chō Gekijō-ban Keroro Gunsō 2: Shinkai no Purinsesu de arimasu!) (2007)
• Keroro Gunso the Super Movie 3: Keroro vs. Keroro Great Sky Duel (超劇場版ケロロ軍曹3 ケロロ対ケロロ天空大決戦であります!Chō Gekijō-ban Keroro Gunsō 3: Keroro tai Keroro, Tenkū Daikessen de arimasu!) (2008)
• Keroro Gunso the Super Movie 4: Gekishin Dragon Warriors (超劇場版ケロロ軍曹 撃侵ドラゴンウォリアーズであります!Chō Gekijō-ban Keroro Gunsō: Gekishin Doragon Woriāzu de arimasu!) (2009)
• Keroro Gunso the Super Movie: Creation! Ultimate Keroro, Wonder Space-Time Island (超劇場版ケロロ軍曹 誕生!究極ケロロ奇跡の時空島であります!!Chō Gekijō-ban Keroro Gunsō: Tanjou! Kyuukyoku Keroro, Kiseki no Jikuu-jima, de arimasu!!) (2010)

Planetarium[edit]

An exclusive feature only available for limited time at specific Planetariums was released after the end of the show.

• Keroro Gunsō the Super Movie: Take Back the Starry Sky! The Great Chase in the Solar System!! (超投影版 ケロロ軍曹 星空をとりもどせ！ 太陽系大追跡であります！！Chō Tōei-ban Keroro Gunsō Hoshizora o Torimodose! Taiyōkei Daitsuiseki de arimasu!!)(2014) ^[29]

Spin-offs and guest appearances[edit]

• Spin-offs include a manga called Musha Kero that has recently been adapted in the anime.^[30] The series has spawned a magazine called Keroro Land that promotes toys, games, media, and events based on the manga and anime.
• Sgt. Keroro, Tamama, Giroro, Dororo and Kululu make cameo appearances in the movie of Kaiketsu Zorori.
• Keroro and Tamama have appearances in the OVA of Lucky Star, and Kagami spends almost all her money on a grip-claw game trying to get a Keroro doll.
• The Japanese game Monster Hunter Tri G is to have downloadable costumes of Keroro for the humanoid companions Kayamba and Cha-Cha.
• Keroro, Giroro, Tamama, Kururu and Dororo appeared as playable characters in the Nexon mobile game Kemono Friends. Like the animals in the game, they also become human-like girls. Enemy monsters called Ceruleans also appear taking the form of Natsumi and Keroro herself.^[31]

International versions[edit]

Asia[edit]

• The English version of Sgt. Frog by Animax has been broadcast in India (July 1, 2008), Indonesia (July 1, 2008), Malaysia (July 1, 2008), Singapore (Summer 2008), the Philippines (July 1, 2008) and China. The only noticeable edits made are that 'De Arimasu' is translated as 'Sir, yes sir!' (which is also used in Funimation's subtitled version), Natsumi refers to Keroro as 'Reptile' instead of 'Stupid Frog' and Mois refers to Keroro as 'Cousin' rather than 'Uncle'.
• In Hong Kong, it was initially broadcast by Cable TV, then by TVB. It was dubbed in Cantonese separately by the two stations. The Chinese terms introduced in the Taiwanese version (mentioned later) were only applied in the TVB dub.
• In Indonesia, it was licensed and dubbed in Indonesian broadcast everyday on antv since August 11, 2008, named simply 'Keroro'. Only the first season was aired, but was shown in its entirety. In Indonesia, The manga has been licensed and released up to volume 22 by Elex Media Komputindo, under the title 'Sersan Keroro'.
• In Israel, the anime recently began airing on the 'Arutz HaYeladim'. 'De Arimasu' is translated as 'iim kol hakavod' (עם כל הכבוד) which means 'with all due respect'. The names were changed slightly – Keroro was renamed 'Kerero', and his rank was changed to Captain (resulting in the show being renamed 'Captain Kerero' (קפטן קררו), while Giroro's rank was changed to Sergeant (although in season 2 his rank was changed back to corporal). Also, Natsumi calls Keroro a stupid toad instead of a stupid frog. The Children's Channel aired the first season in its entirety, with the exception of episode 30^{[citation needed]}.
• In Malaysia, the series has been broadcast since April 27, 2007, dubbed in Malay on ntv7, known simply as Keroro. There are notable changes in the dubbing of the series. For example, Keroro does not address his human captors with honorifics. The series has aired since July 2008, dubbed in English with Malay subtitles on Animax, known simply as Sergeant Keroro.
• In the Philippines, it is dubbed in Tagalog and aired as Sgt. Keroro on ABS-CBN on June 4, 2007.
• In South Korea, the anime is aired on Tooniverse as 개구리 중사 케로로 (Gaeguri Joongsa Keroro , lit. Sergeant Frog Keroro). As with most Japanese anime targeted to younger audiences there, the human Japanese names were changed to Korean-sounding ones. Aliens' names were generally the same (in pronunciation) as the Japanese names. It has become one of the most largely known Japanese anime in Korea, along with Crayon Shin-chan, Atashin'chi, Detective Conan, Doraemon, Inuyasha and Death Note. It has many parodies to Korea in translation, with using famous Korean Internet memes at the time, and in the ending song of the fourth season, 'You could say, violently going?', all main 12 voice actors did over 8 parodies to numerous things, such as 'This is the first time I wanted to punch a girl (Death Note)' and 'Is this.. 'youth'? (Gundam)'.
• In Taiwan, Keroro was broadcast in Mandarin on Momo. The names of Keroro and the other Keronians are transcribed in Kunrei-shiki romanization rather than into Chinese characters, and 'Pekopon' is translated as 'the Blue Planet' (Chinese: 藍星; pinyin: lán xīng), while Keroro's signature de arimasu is translated as 是也 (shì yě, literally 'Is also').
• In Thailand, the anime is broadcast on TITV's Cartoon Club slot between 9.00 and 9.30 a.m. on Saturdays and Sundays under the title Keroro Lingo (เคโรโระ ขบวนการอ๊บอ๊บป่วนโลก). The manga is published by Siam Inter Comics under the same title.
• In the Middle East, the anime aired on Spacetoon. The names had a slight change, example: Keroro became Kero; Tamama became Tama; Giroro became Giro; Kururu became Kuru; Dororo became Doro; Kogoro became Kogo; Sumomo became Sumo etc. 'De arimasu' is translated to استعدوا.

Europe[edit]

• In France, the anime was aired on Télétoon under the title Keroro, mission Titar. The human characters' names were changed from Japanese to French-sounding: the Hinata family is renamed as Monaté, with Fuyuki, Natsumi and Aki as Artus, April and Anna respectively. Momoka is called Garance Beller, Mutsumi as Mael while Koyuki is Énéa Azuma. 'De arimasu' is translated to 'Sauf votre respect' (or 'sauf mon respect'), which translates as 'With your/my respect'. In the manga, published by Kana, the names are the same as the Japanese version.
• In Italy, the anime series was broadcast on Italia 1, beginning September 11, 2006 under the title Keroro. 'De arimasu' is translated as 'Signorsì' ('Yes, sir'), Mois called Keroro 'Sir Keroro' in the anime and 'Mio signore!' ('My lord') in the manga (published by Star Comics). Only in the anime 'Stupid frog' was changed to 'Brutto Ranocchio!' ('Ugly frog!'). After episode 76, the anime moved to Hiro with repeats airing on Cartoon Network and Frisbee.
• In Spain, the anime was aired in Spanish on Cartoon Network, starting on November 6, 2006 under the title Sargento Keroro. Other Spanish channels also emit the show, such as Canal Sur 2, Canal Extremadura Televisión, Telemadrid, Aragón TV, etc. In Catalonia, the anime was aired in Catalan on public broadcaster TV3 and in K3 in Euskera on public broadcaster EITB ; in Galician on public broadcaster TVG in Galicia and in Valencian on Canal Nou in the Valencian Community. 'De arimasu' is translated as '¡A la orden!' ('By your command') in the Spanish version, as 'A formar!' ('Fall in!', in the military sense) in the Catalan version, as 'Á orde!' (same translation as the Spanish one) in the Galician version and as 'A les seues ordres!' ('By your commands') in the Valencian version. The manga is published by Norma Editorial under the title Keroro.^[32] There are no name changes in either the manga or the anime.
• In Portugal, the anime was aired in Spanish and subtitled in Portuguese on Canal Panda and later on Panda Biggs.
• In Serbia, the anime aired in Serbian on Ultra with some scenes censored. The manga has yet to be published in Serbian.

Video games[edit]

Many of the video games were only released in Japan, but there were others released in Korea.

Reception[edit]

In 2005, the manga received the 50th Shogakukan Manga Award for children's manga.^[33]

References[edit]

1. ^Loveridge, Lynzee (December 16, 2014). 'Viz Media Adds Mikansei No. 1, Sgt. Frog, Hands Off! Digitally'. Anime News Network. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
2. ^Loo, Egan (December 9, 2009). '5th Sgt. Frog Movie, Nintendo DS RPG Detailed'. Anime News Network. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
3. ^The aforementioned Gundam nods appear often, which comes easy since both series are produced by renowned studio Sunrise. Yet that does not stop the show from humorously referencing other anime like Cobra and Neon Genesis Evangelion. U.S. publisher Funimation takes it a step further in the English dub with a barrage of pop culture nods from Wheel of Fortune to Robotech to Lord of the Rings.' http://blogs.starbulletin.com/otakuohana/?p=474Honolulu Star-Bulletin
4. ^'Viz Media Adds Mikansei No. 1, Sgt. Frog, Hands Off! Digitally'. December 16, 2014.
5. ^'Sgt. Frog Gets New Manga Series to Mark 20th Anniversary'. Anime News Network. 29 September 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
6. ^ ^ab'ADV Acquires SGT. Frog'. AnimeNewsNetwork. November 20, 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
7. ^'ADV Court Documents Reveal Amounts Paid for 29 Anime Titles'. AnimeNewsNetwork.com. 30 January 2012. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
8. ^ ^ab'Funimation Picks Up Over 30 Former AD Vision Titles'. AnimeNewsNetwork. July 4, 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
9. ^'SGT Frog Invades ADVFilms.com'. Anime News Network. November 15, 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
10. ^'ADV Films Officially Announces Sgt. Frog, No February Release'. AnimeNewsNetwork. November 20, 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
11. ^'PodOmatic Best Free Podcasts'. Wha-chow.podomatic.com. Retrieved 2014-06-26.
12. ^'FUNimation Posts Test Episode of Sgt. Frog'. Animation Magazine. November 4, 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
13. ^'Sgt. Frog - TEST EPISODE - For Review'. Funimation. YouTube. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
14. ^'Funimation Adds 3rd Sgt. Frog Anime Season'. AnimeNewsNetwork.com. 19 February 2011. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
15. ^aquastar83 (2013-02-15). 'Funimation industry panel Katsucon 2013'. Washington, DC: Ustream.tv. Archived from the original on 2013-12-13. Retrieved 2014-06-26.
16. ^'Sgt. Frog'. Hulu.com. Retrieved 2014-06-26.
17. ^'Keroro Gunsou: 1st season DVD-BOX (limited edition)'. Amazon Japan. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
18. ^'Sgt. Frog: Season 1, Part 1'. Amazon. Retrieved 7 March 2010.
19. ^'Sgt. Frog: Season 1, Part 2'. Amazon. Retrieved 7 March 2010.
20. ^'Sgt. Frog: Season 2, Part 1'. Amazon. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
21. ^'Sgt. Frog: Season 2, Part 2 (2010)'. Amazon. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
22. ^'Sgt. Frog: Season 1: Todd Haberkorn, Cherami Leigh, R. Bruce Elliot, Christopher R. Sabat, Jamie Marchi: Movies & TV'. Amazon.com. Retrieved 2014-06-26.
23. ^'Sgt. Frog: Season 2: Todd Haberkorn, R. Bruce Elliot, Cherami Leigh, Christopher R. Sabat, Justin Nordell: Movies & TV'. Amazon.com. Retrieved 2014-06-26.
24. ^'Sgt. Frog DVD Season 3 Part 1 (Hyb)'. Rightstuf.com. 2011-07-26. Archived from the original on 2012-09-07. Retrieved 2014-06-26.
25. ^'Sgt. Frog: Season 3, Part 2: Jamie Marchi, Leah Clark, Christopher R. Sabat, Todd Haberkorn, Colleen Clinkenbeard: Movies & TV'. Amazon.com. Retrieved 2014-06-26.
26. ^'Sgt. Frog: Season 3: Andrea Kwan, Brina Palencia, Candice Moore, Colleen Clinkenbeard, Jamie Marchi, Joel McDonald, Justin Nordell: Movies & TV'. Amazon.com. Retrieved 2014-06-26.
27. ^'Sgt. Frog'. Netflix. Archived from the original on 2012-07-17. Retrieved 2014-06-26.
28. ^'New Sgt. Frog TV Anime Slated for March 22'. Anime News Network. January 7, 2014. Retrieved August 6, 2014.
29. ^'SKIPシティ 彩の国ビジュアルプラザにて、『超投影版 ケロロ軍曹 星空をとりもどせ！ 太陽系大追跡であります！！』夏休み特別上映決定！！' (in Japanese). Sunrise. August 2, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2016.
30. ^'Musha Kero Volume One: Legendary Hero, De gozasoro!'. Keroro Gunsou. Season 5. Episode 211. TV Tokyo.
31. ^'「けものフレンズ」，「ケロロ軍曹」コラボ開始。限定キャラと特別イベント登場 - 4Gamer.net' (in Japanese). March 27, 2015. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
32. ^Norma Editorial: Catálogo: Keroro
33. ^小学館漫画賞: 歴代受賞者 (in Japanese). Shogakukan. Retrieved August 19, 2007.

External links[edit]

• Keroro Gunsō website(in Japanese)
• Sunrise's Keroro Gunsō website(in Japanese)
• TV Tokyo Keroro Gunsō website(in Japanese)
• Official Keroro Gunsō Movie Website(in Japanese)
• Sgt. Frog (manga) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
• Keroro Gunso (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia

Gundam Build Fighters (Japanese: ガンダムビルドファイターズHepburn: Gandamu Birudo Faitāzu) is a 2013 Japanese science fiction anime television series based on Sunrise's long-running Gundam franchise. The series is directed by Kenji Nagasaki of No. 6 and written by Yōsuke Kuroda of Mobile Suit Gundam 00. Character designs were done by both Kenichi Ohnuki and Suzuhito Yasuda. The series was first unveiled under the name '1/144 Gundam Mobile' project by Sunrise,^[1] before its official announcement. In contrast to other Gundam series, Gundam Build Fighters focuses on the Gundam model (Gunpla) aspect of the franchise.^[2]

The series was officially unveiled by Bandai on July 2, 2013, during the series's live press conference as part of Gundam's 35th Anniversary in 2014. It premiered on TXN stations in Japan^[3] and on YouTube in limited international markets on October 7, 2013.^[4] One Manga adaptation and two photonovels were also announced by Sunrise, and currently running on Gundam Ace (Gundam Build Fighters Amazing), Hobby Japan (Gundam Build Fighters Honno), and Dengeki Hobby Magazine (Gundam Build Fighter Document) magazines.

Gundam Build Fighters is followed by the 2014 sequel Gundam Build Fighters Try. A sequel ONA titled Gundam Build Fighters: GM's Counterattack (Japanese: ガンダムビルドファイターズ GMの逆襲Hepburn: Gandamu Birudo Faitāzu GM no Gyakushū), which takes place between Build Fighters and Build Fighters Try, was released on August 25, 2017.^[5][6][7]

• 1Story
• 2Production

Story[edit]

Back in the 1980s, the success of the series Mobile Suit Gundam resulted in an economic boom due to sales of the Gundam model kits, or 'Gunpla' (ガンプラGanpura), dubbed the Gunpla Boom. Years later, with the success of the second Gunpla Boom, special tournaments called Gunpla Battles are established throughout the world to see which customized Gunpla and its builder are the best. These incredibly popular Gunpla Battles culminate in an annual global tournament.

The story of the first series revolves around Sei Iori, a young Gunpla Builder and student who has a dream of becoming the best Gunpla Fighter in the tournament and someday become as good as his father. As the only child, his family owns a small Gunpla shop and his talent is well-honed, however his weak piloting abilities have led him to a series of first-round losses. But one day, he meets a strange boy named Reiji, who helps him out. Reiji gives him a jewel, promising that he will come to Sei's aid if wished enough. Together, both of them will tackle the world of Gunpla Battle and compete in the tournament using Sei's customized Gunpla, the GAT-X105B Build Strike Gundam.^[8]

Gunpla Battle[edit]

The central theme of this series is the Gunpla Battle (ガンプラバトルGanpura Batoru), a virtual game that involves the use of Gunpla. Each Gunpla Fighter has a GP Base (GPベースJī Pī Bēsu), a device that stores their Gunpla information. Once the GP Bases are set, the Battle System (バトルシステムBatoru Shisutemu) disperses 'Plavsky particles' (プラフスキー粒子Purafusukī Ryūshi, a portmanteau of 'plastic' and 'Minovsky particles'), which react only to the plastic material of Gunpla and animate them into the game. The Battle System creates a holographic landscape that simulates a battlefield from different Gundam series, and the battle begins once the Gunpla Fighters set their Gunpla to be scanned by the Plavsky particles. A Gunpla's combat statistics are determined by its build quality; modifications such as adding scratch-built parts and paint weathering will increase its stats. Battle effects such as explosions and beam attacks are faithfully simulated in the Battle System. Consequently, damage sustained during battle is reflected directly on the Gunpla itself, requiring Gunpla Fighters to have spare parts ready for necessary repairs. Scale also plays a major factor in a Gunpla Battle; just like in the real world, a 1/48 scale Mega Size Model Gunpla will dwarf a 1/144 scale opponent in the battlefield.^[9]

The Gunpla Battle World Championships tournament begins with eight battles, including a four-person knockout battle, a three-on-three team battle, and the closing one-on-one battle. Five of the battles are revealed only on their scheduled dates. Each contestant receives four points for every battle won. The 16 Gunpla Fighters with the most points will advance to the final tournament, a knockout stage that decides the World Champion.

It is later on revealed that Plavsky particles are processed from Arista (アリスタArisuta), a crystal originating from Reiji's home country of Arian (アリアン).

Production[edit]

Development[edit]

Movie English Esl

The series was first announced in June 2013 under the name '1/144 Gundam Mobile' project by Sunrise and was later revealed to have a storyline more akin to the OVA Model Suit Gunpla Builders Beginning G. Along with the announcement, several Mobile Suits exclusively from the show will receive their own High Grade kits and will be tied in in the long running Gunpla plastic model line, the new version of the Gundam Try Age arcade dame and the PlayStation 3/PlayStation Vita game Gundam Breaker.^[10]

In August 31, 2013, Sunrise aired the second trailer of the series, which details more about the story, characters and the Gunpla used in the series.^[11] In September 30, they announced they will stream the series on YouTube in limited areas of the globe^[4] with a United States release on the same day as the Japanese release.^[12] Sunrise will release the anime on home video via Right Stuf in 2016.^[13]

Music[edit]

The series' music is composed by Yuuki Hayashi, who composed several music scores for Blood Lad and Robotics;Notes.

The first opening theme 'Nibun no Ichi' (ニブンノイチ, lit. 'One Half') by Back-On, and the ending theme 'Imagination > Reality' by AiRI were used from episodes 2 to 13. From episodes 14 to 24, 'wimp' by Back-On featuring Lil' Fang (from FAKY)^[14] was the opening theme while 'Han Pan Spirit' (半パン魂（スピリット）Han Pan Supiritto, lit. 'Short-Pants Spirit') by Hyadain^[15] became the ending theme from episodes 14 to 25.

The insert song in Gundam Build Fighters: GM's Counterattack is 'Carry on' by Back-On, while the ending theme in Gundam Build Fighters: Battlogue is 'Chase Me' by FAKY.^[7]

References[edit]

1. ^'New '1/144 Gundam' Launch Video to Be Revealed on July 2'. Anime News Network. 2013-06-13. Retrieved 2013-07-02.
2. ^Ohara, Atsushi (2013-12-03). ''Gundam' series focuses on model kits, not robot war machines'. The Asahi Shimbun. Archived from the original on 2013-12-07. Retrieved 2013-12-04.
3. ^'TVアニメ最新作「ガンダムビルドファイターズ」テレビ東京系列にて10月より放映開始！'. Gundam.Info. Retrieved 2013-07-02.
4. ^ ^ab'Gundam Build Fighters to Be Streamed with English Subs in Limited Areas'. Anime News Network. 2013-09-30. Retrieved 2013-10-16.
5. ^'Gundam Build Fighters: GM's Counterattack / Gundam Build Fighters: Battlogue'. Gundam.info. 2017-05-11. Retrieved 2017-09-03.
6. ^'ガンダムビルドファイターズ：新作「GMの逆襲」が制作決定　イオリ・セイ再び'. Mantan Web. 2017-05-11. Retrieved 2017-08-03.
7. ^ ^ab'Gundam Build Fighter's 'GM's Counterattack' & 'Battlogue' Streaming in August!'. Gundam.info. 2017-07-21. Retrieved 2017-08-03.
8. ^'Story'. Sunrise. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
9. ^'Mechanics'. Sunrise. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
10. ^'Gundam Build Fighters TV Anime to Premiere in October'. Anime News Network. Retrieved 2013-07-02.
11. ^'Gundam Build Fighters TV Anime 2nd Promo Streamed'. Anime News Network. 2013-08-31. Retrieved 2013-10-16.
12. ^'Gundam Build Fighters to Stream in N. America'. Anime News Network. 2013-10-06. Retrieved 2013-10-16.
13. ^'Sunrise to Dub Gundam Iron-Blooded Orphans Release Gundam Build Fighters'. Anime News Network. 2015-10-09.
14. ^'Back-On to Perform New Gundam Build Fighters Opening Theme'. Anime News Network. 2013-12-23. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
15. ^'Hyadain to Perform Gundam Build Fighters New Ending'. Anime News Network. 2013-12-06. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

External links[edit]

Steamboy Full Movie English Dub Download

• Official website(in Japanese)
• Official website (GM's Counterattack) (in Japanese)
• Official website at TV Tokyo (in Japanese)
• Official website(in English)
• Official Bandai Hobby site(in Japanese)
• Gundam Build Fighters Honoo official site(in Japanese)
• Gundam Build Fighters on Twitter(in Japanese)
• Gundam Build Fighters (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia